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src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhFAAUAJEAAAAAADMzM////wAAACH5BAUUAAIALAAAAAAUABQAAAImlI+py+0PU5gRBRDM3DxbWoXis42X13USOLauUIqnlsaH/eY6UwAAOw==" /> </div> </ul> <hr/> </div> <div role="main" class="document"> <div class="section" id="db-driver-reference"> <h1>DB Driver Reference<a class="headerlink" href="#db-driver-reference" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <p>This is the platform-independent base DB implementation class. This class will not be called directly. Rather, the adapter class for the specific database will extend and instantiate it.</p> <p>The how-to material for this has been split over several articles. This article is intended to be a reference for them.</p> <div class="admonition important"> <p class="first admonition-title">Important</p> <p class="last">Not all methods are supported by all database drivers, some of them may fail (and return FALSE) if the underlying driver does not support them.</p> </div> <dl class="class"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver"> <em class="property">class </em><code class="descname">CI_DB_driver</code><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::initialize"> <code class="descname">initialize</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::initialize" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">bool</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Initialize database settings, establish a connection to the database.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::db_connect"> <code class="descname">db_connect</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$persistent = TRUE</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::db_connect" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$persistent</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether to establish a persistent connection or a regular one</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Database connection resource/object or FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Establish a connection with the database.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">The returned value depends on the underlying driver in use. For example, a <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">mysqli</span></code> instance will be returned with the ‘mysqli’ driver.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::db_pconnect"> <code class="descname">db_pconnect</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::db_pconnect" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">Database connection resource/object or FALSE on failure</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">mixed</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Establish a persistent connection with the database.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">This method is just an alias for <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">db_connect(TRUE)</span></code>.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::reconnect"> <code class="descname">reconnect</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::reconnect" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">bool</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Keep / reestablish the database connection if no queries have been sent for a length of time exceeding the server’s idle timeout.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::db_select"> <code class="descname">db_select</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$database = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::db_select" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$database</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Database name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Select / switch the current database.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::db_set_charset"> <code class="descname">db_set_charset</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$charset</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::db_set_charset" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$charset</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Character set name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Set client character set.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::platform"> <code class="descname">platform</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::platform" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">Platform name</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">string</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The name of the platform in use (mysql, mssql, etc…).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::version"> <code class="descname">version</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::version" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">The version of the database being used</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">string</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Database version number.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::query"> <code class="descname">query</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$sql</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$binds = FALSE</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$return_object = NULL</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::query" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$sql</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The SQL statement to execute</li> <li><strong>$binds</strong> (<em>array</em>) – An array of binding data</li> <li><strong>$return_object</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether to return a result object or not</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE for successful “write-type” queries, CI_DB_result instance (method chaining) on “query” success, FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Execute an SQL query.</p> <p>Accepts an SQL string as input and returns a result object upon successful execution of a “read” type query.</p> <p>Returns:</p> <blockquote> <div><ul class="simple"> <li>Boolean TRUE upon successful execution of a “write type” queries</li> <li>Boolean FALSE upon failure</li> <li><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">CI_DB_result</span></code> object for “read type” queries</li> </ul> </div></blockquote> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::simple_query"> <code class="descname">simple_query</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$sql</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::simple_query" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$sql</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The SQL statement to execute</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Whatever the underlying driver’s “query” function returns</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>A simplified version of the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">query()</span></code> method, appropriate for use when you don’t need to get a result object or to just send a query to the database and not care for the result.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::affected_rows"> <code class="descname">affected_rows</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::affected_rows" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">Number of rows affected</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">int</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Returns the number of rows <em>changed</em> by the last executed query.</p> <p>Useful for checking how much rows were created, updated or deleted during the last executed query.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::trans_strict"> <code class="descname">trans_strict</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$mode = TRUE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::trans_strict" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$mode</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Strict mode flag</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Enable/disable transaction “strict” mode.</p> <p>When strict mode is enabled, if you are running multiple groups of transactions and one group fails, all subsequent groups will be rolled back.</p> <p>If strict mode is disabled, each group is treated autonomously, meaning a failure of one group will not affect any others.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::trans_off"> <code class="descname">trans_off</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::trans_off" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">void</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Disables transactions at run-time.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::trans_start"> <code class="descname">trans_start</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$test_mode = FALSE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::trans_start" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$test_mode</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Test mode flag</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Start a transaction.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::trans_complete"> <code class="descname">trans_complete</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::trans_complete" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">bool</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Complete Transaction.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::trans_status"> <code class="descname">trans_status</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::trans_status" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">TRUE if the transaction succeeded, FALSE if it failed</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">bool</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Lets you retrieve the transaction status flag to determine if it has failed.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::compile_binds"> <code class="descname">compile_binds</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$sql</em>, <em>$binds</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::compile_binds" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$sql</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The SQL statement</li> <li><strong>$binds</strong> (<em>array</em>) – An array of binding data</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The updated SQL statement</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Compiles an SQL query with the bind values passed for it.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::is_write_type"> <code class="descname">is_write_type</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$sql</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::is_write_type" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$sql</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The SQL statement</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE if the SQL statement is of “write type”, FALSE if not</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Determines if a query is of a “write” type (such as INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE) or “read” type (i.e. SELECT).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::elapsed_time"> <code class="descname">elapsed_time</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$decimals = 6</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::elapsed_time" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$decimals</strong> (<em>int</em>) – The number of decimal places</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The aggregate query elapsed time, in microseconds</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Calculate the aggregate query elapsed time.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::total_queries"> <code class="descname">total_queries</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::total_queries" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">The total number of queries executed</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">int</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Returns the total number of queries that have been executed so far.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::last_query"> <code class="descname">last_query</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::last_query" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">The last query executed</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">string</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Returns the last query that was executed.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::escape"> <code class="descname">escape</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$str</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::escape" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$str</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – The value to escape, or an array of multiple ones</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The escaped value(s)</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Escapes input data based on type, including boolean and NULLs.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::escape_str"> <code class="descname">escape_str</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$str</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$like = FALSE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::escape_str" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$str</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – A string value or array of multiple ones</li> <li><strong>$like</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether or not the string will be used in a LIKE condition</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The escaped string(s)</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Escapes string values.</p> <div class="admonition warning"> <p class="first admonition-title">Warning</p> <p class="last">The returned strings do NOT include quotes around them.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::escape_like_str"> <code class="descname">escape_like_str</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$str</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::escape_like_str" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$str</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – A string value or array of multiple ones</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The escaped string(s)</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Escape LIKE strings.</p> <p>Similar to <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">escape_str()</span></code>, but will also escape the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">%</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">_</span></code> wildcard characters, so that they don’t cause false-positives in LIKE conditions.</p> <div class="admonition important"> <p class="first admonition-title">Important</p> <p class="last">The <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">escape_like_str()</span></code> method uses ‘!’ (exclamation mark) to escape special characters for <em>LIKE</em> conditions. Because this method escapes partial strings that you would wrap in quotes yourself, it cannot automatically add the <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">ESCAPE</span> <span class="pre">'!'</span></code> condition for you, and so you’ll have to manually do that.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::primary"> <code class="descname">primary</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$table</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::primary" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$table</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Table name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The primary key name, FALSE if none</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Retrieves the primary key of a table.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">If the database platform does not support primary key detection, the first column name may be assumed as the primary key.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::count_all"> <code class="descname">count_all</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$table = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::count_all" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$table</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Table name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Row count for the specified table</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">int</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Returns the total number of rows in a table, or 0 if no table was provided.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::list_tables"> <code class="descname">list_tables</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$constrain_by_prefix = FALSE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::list_tables" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$constrain_by_prefix</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – TRUE to match table names by the configured dbprefix</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Array of table names or FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">array</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Gets a list of the tables in the current database.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::table_exists"> <code class="descname">table_exists</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$table_name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::table_exists" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$table_name</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The table name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE if that table exists, FALSE if not</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Determine if a particular table exists.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::list_fields"> <code class="descname">list_fields</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$table</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::list_fields" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$table</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The table name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Array of field names or FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">array</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Gets a list of the field names in a table.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::field_exists"> <code class="descname">field_exists</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$field_name</em>, <em>$table_name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::field_exists" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$table_name</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The table name</li> <li><strong>$field_name</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The field name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE if that field exists in that table, FALSE if not</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Determine if a particular field exists.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::field_data"> <code class="descname">field_data</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$table</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::field_data" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$table</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The table name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Array of field data items or FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">array</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Gets a list containing field data about a table.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::escape_identifiers"> <code class="descname">escape_identifiers</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$item</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::escape_identifiers" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$item</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – The item or array of items to escape</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The input item(s), escaped</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">mixed</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Escape SQL identifiers, such as column, table and names.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::insert_string"> <code class="descname">insert_string</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$table</em>, <em>$data</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::insert_string" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$table</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The target table</li> <li><strong>$data</strong> (<em>array</em>) – An associative array of key/value pairs</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The SQL INSERT statement, as a string</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Generate an INSERT statement string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::update_string"> <code class="descname">update_string</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$table</em>, <em>$data</em>, <em>$where</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::update_string" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$table</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The target table</li> <li><strong>$data</strong> (<em>array</em>) – An associative array of key/value pairs</li> <li><strong>$where</strong> (<em>mixed</em>) – The WHERE statement conditions</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The SQL UPDATE statement, as a string</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Generate an UPDATE statement string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::call_function"> <code class="descname">call_function</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$function</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::call_function" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$function</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Function name</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The function result</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Runs a native PHP function , using a platform agnostic wrapper.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::cache_set_path"> <code class="descname">cache_set_path</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$path = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::cache_set_path" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$path</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Path to the cache directory</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">void</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Sets the directory path to use for caching storage.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::cache_on"> <code class="descname">cache_on</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::cache_on" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">TRUE if caching is on, FALSE if not</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">bool</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Enable database results caching.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::cache_off"> <code class="descname">cache_off</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::cache_off" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">TRUE if caching is on, FALSE if not</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">bool</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Disable database results caching.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::cache_delete"> <code class="descname">cache_delete</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$segment_one = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$segment_two = ''</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::cache_delete" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$segment_one</strong> (<em>string</em>) – First URI segment</li> <li><strong>$segment_two</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Second URI segment</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">bool</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Delete the cache files associated with a particular URI.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::cache_delete_all"> <code class="descname">cache_delete_all</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::cache_delete_all" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body">TRUE on success, FALSE on failure</td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">bool</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Delete all cache files.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::close"> <code class="descname">close</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::close" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body">void</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Close the DB Connection.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::display_error"> <code class="descname">display_error</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>$error = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$swap = ''</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$native = FALSE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::display_error" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$error</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The error message</li> <li><strong>$swap</strong> (<em>string</em>) – Any “swap” values</li> <li><strong>$native</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether to localize the message</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">void</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">Displays the DB error screensends the application/views/errors/error_db.php template</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Display an error message and stop script execution.</p> <p>The message is displayed using the <em>application/views/errors/error_db.php</em> template.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="CI_DB_driver::protect_identifiers"> <code class="descname">protect_identifiers</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>$item</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$prefix_single = FALSE</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$protect_identifiers = NULL</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>$field_exists = TRUE</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#CI_DB_driver::protect_identifiers" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><table class="docutils field-list" frame="void" rules="none"> <col class="field-name" /> <col class="field-body" /> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Parameters:</th><td class="field-body"><ul class="first simple"> <li><strong>$item</strong> (<em>string</em>) – The item to work with</li> <li><strong>$prefix_single</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether to apply the dbprefix even if the input item is a single identifier</li> <li><strong>$protect_identifiers</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether to quote identifiers</li> <li><strong>$field_exists</strong> (<em>bool</em>) – Whether the supplied item contains a field name or not</li> </ul> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-even field"><th class="field-name">Returns:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first">The modified item</p> </td> </tr> <tr class="field-odd field"><th class="field-name">Return type:</th><td class="field-body"><p class="first last">string</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Takes a column or table name (optionally with an alias) and applies the configured <em>dbprefix</em> to it.</p> <p>Some logic is necessary in order to deal with column names that include the path.</p> <p>Consider a query like this:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">SELECT</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="nx">FROM</span> <span class="nx">hostname</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">table</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">column</span> <span class="k">AS</span> <span class="nx">c</span> <span class="nx">FROM</span> <span class="nx">hostname</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">database</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">table</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Or a query with aliasing:</p> <div class="highlight-ci"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nx">SELECT</span> <span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">member_id</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nx">m</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nx">member_name</span> <span class="nx">FROM</span> <span class="nx">members</span> <span class="k">AS</span> <span class="nx">m</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>Since the column name can include up to four segments (host, DB, table, column) or also have an alias prefix, we need to do a bit of work to figure this out and insert the table prefix (if it exists) in the proper position, and escape only the correct identifiers.</p> <p>This method is used extensively by the Query Builder class.</p> </dd></dl> </dd></dl> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation"> <a href="../helpers/index.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Helpers">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right"></span></a> <a href="utilities.html" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Database Utility Class"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left"></span> Previous</a> </div> <hr/> <div role="contentinfo"> <p> © Copyright 2014 - 2019, British Columbia Institute of Technology. Last updated on Sep 19, 2019. </p> </div> Built with <a href="http://sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>. </footer> </div> </div> </section> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> var DOCUMENTATION_OPTIONS = { URL_ROOT:'../', VERSION:'3.1.11', COLLAPSE_INDEX:false, FILE_SUFFIX:'.html', HAS_SOURCE: false }; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/js/theme.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function () { SphinxRtdTheme.StickyNav.enable(); }); </script> </body> </html> Save